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中国科研开支正赶超美国 美国国家科学基金会 - 站长搜索
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中国科研开支正赶超美国 美国国家科学基金会

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2016-01-20 07:48:07 转载来源: 网络整理/侵权必删

据科技网站Verge报道,美国国家科学基金会理事会(NSB)的最新报告显示,以中国为首的许多亚洲国家,在科研开发上的投资增速远高于美国。美国国家科学基金会是一政府独立机构,支持医学领域外的科学与工程学基础研究与教育

据科技网站Verge报道,美国国家科学基金会理事会(NSB)的最新报告显示,以中国为首的许多亚洲国家,在科研开发上的投资增速远高于美国。

美国国家科学基金会是一政府独立机构,支持医学领域外的科学与工程学基础研究与教育。基金会理事会的报告指出,东南亚、南亚,以及东亚目前占到全世界研发开支的40%。

美国国家科学基金会:中国科研开支正赶超美国

该理事会认为,由于美国对科学与工程学的支持出现动摇,亚洲的发展正威胁到美国在该领域的领先地位。

理事会副主席开尔文・德罗格梅尔(Kelvin Droegemeier)在媒体发布会上表示,“我们支持国际上的研发领域活动,但问题是美国该如何面对这种竞争。”

从全球总体研发开支水平看,美国仍然是领先者,占到了总体开支的27%。然而中国并没有落后太多,在总体开支中占20%。“中国是当之无愧的第二大研发开支国家,”德罗格梅尔说。在2003到2013年间,中国在该领域的投资大幅增加,年平均增长达到了19.5%。

从行业上看,中国亦可同美国一争高下。中国企业在航天或医药等高科技制造领域占到了全球产出的27%,稍稍低于美国的29%。在科学与工程学教育领域,中国则远超美国。该领域49%的本科人才来自中国,而美国只有33%。此外,在2000年到2012年间,中国获得科学与工程学学位的人数增加了300%。

报告还指出,最近美国对学术研发与商业研发的投资已经出现下滑。另外,在2008年之后,考虑到通胀因素调整,联邦一级研发投资的增长就未能达到大萧条前的水平。美国国家科学基金会理事会指出,投资下滑会产生危害,因为国家层面的支持对大学和科学家获得新知、打造更好技术来说至关重要。普通人很难投资那些短期回报不明了的长期项目。

美国国家科学基金会理事会每两年发布一次“科学与工程学指标”报告,评估美国国内的科学与教育开支情况。

“从报告图表中可以看出,中国很明显有出色表现,”德罗格梅尔表示。“我们很高兴看到其他国家在研发领域的兴起。这方面的空间还很充足,可以容纳许多国家......但报告本身关注的是美国的竞争能力,以及如何保证我们的这种能力。我们必须继续加快投资。”

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标签: 美国 中国 科研 开支 赶超 国家 科学 基金会


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